Best Programming Languages (2025)

Languages for writing code

🧊Nice Pick

Bash

The duct tape of the command line. It's everywhere, it's messy, but it holds your system together.

Full Rankings

The duct tape of the command line. It's everywhere, it's messy, but it holds your system together.

Pros

  • +Ubiquitous on Unix-like systems, so you can run it almost anywhere
  • +Great for quick automation and system administration tasks
  • +Powerful scripting with pipes and redirections for chaining commands

Cons

  • -Syntax can be cryptic and error-prone, especially for beginners
  • -Limited built-in data structures compared to modern scripting languages

The statistician's Swiss Army knife: powerful for data wrangling, but you'll need a PhD to debug its quirks.

Pros

  • +Unmatched statistical modeling and hypothesis testing capabilities
  • +Extensive package ecosystem via CRAN for specialized domains like bioinformatics and finance
  • +Produces publication-quality plots with ggplot2 and base graphics
  • +Strong community support in academia and research

Cons

  • -Steep learning curve with quirky syntax and inconsistent function naming
  • -Memory management can be a nightmare for large datasets
Compare:vs Bash

The over-engineered query language that makes REST look like a toddler's scribble.

Pros

  • +Eliminates over-fetching and under-fetching with precise data queries
  • +Strongly typed schema ensures API consistency and reduces errors
  • +Aggregates data from multiple sources in a single request for efficiency

Cons

  • -Complex setup and learning curve compared to REST
  • -Can lead to performance issues with deeply nested queries
Compare:vs Bashvs R

Microsoft's Swiss Army knife for developers—powerful, polished, and occasionally over-engineered.

Pros

  • +Excellent performance and scalability for enterprise applications
  • +Cross-platform support with .NET Core and beyond
  • +Rich ecosystem with extensive libraries and tooling like Visual Studio
  • +Strong type safety and modern features in C#

Cons

  • -Steep learning curve for beginners due to its complexity
  • -Can feel bloated for simple projects with too many configuration options

The JavaScript Swiss Army knife that made server-side coding cool, but good luck debugging async spaghetti.

Pros

  • +Massive ecosystem with npm for easy package management
  • +Non-blocking I/O enables high concurrency and scalability
  • +Single language (JavaScript) for full-stack development
  • +Fast execution with the V8 engine

Cons

  • -Callback hell and async complexity can lead to unreadable code
  • -Single-threaded nature limits CPU-intensive tasks

Head-to-head comparisons

Missing a tool?

Email nice@nicepick.dev and I'll add it to the rankings.