B Tree
A B Tree is a self-balancing tree data structure that maintains sorted data and allows for efficient insertion, deletion, and search operations. It is optimized for systems that read and write large blocks of data, such as databases and file systems, by keeping the tree height low and ensuring all leaf nodes are at the same depth. Each node can have multiple children, with the number defined by a minimum and maximum degree, which helps minimize disk I/O operations.
Developers should learn B Trees when working on database systems, file systems, or any application requiring efficient disk-based storage and retrieval of large datasets, as they reduce the number of disk accesses compared to binary trees. They are particularly useful in scenarios where data is too large to fit in memory, such as in database indexing (e.g., B+ Trees in SQL databases) or external storage management, ensuring predictable performance for operations like range queries.