Clojure
Clojure is a modern, functional programming language that runs on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR), and JavaScript engines. It is a dialect of Lisp, emphasizing immutability, persistent data structures, and a concise syntax that facilitates concurrent programming. The language is designed for robust, scalable applications, particularly in data processing and web development.
Developers should learn Clojure when building high-concurrency systems, data-intensive applications, or when leveraging existing Java or JavaScript ecosystems with a functional approach. It excels in scenarios like real-time data processing, financial systems, and web services where immutability and concurrency control are critical. Its REPL-driven development also makes it ideal for exploratory programming and rapid prototyping.