Compiler
A compiler is a specialized software tool that translates source code written in a high-level programming language (e.g., C++, Java, Python) into machine code or an intermediate representation that can be executed by a computer's processor. It performs tasks such as lexical analysis, syntax parsing, semantic analysis, optimization, and code generation to produce efficient, executable programs. Compilers are essential for enabling developers to write code in human-readable languages while ensuring it runs on specific hardware or virtual machines.
Developers should learn about compilers when working with compiled languages like C, C++, Rust, or Go, as understanding compilation processes helps in debugging, optimizing performance, and writing platform-specific code. It is crucial for systems programming, embedded development, and creating high-performance applications where direct control over hardware and memory is needed. Knowledge of compilers also aids in language design, tool development, and understanding how code transformations impact execution.