Document Database
A document database is a type of NoSQL database that stores data in flexible, semi-structured documents, typically using formats like JSON, BSON, or XML. It organizes data into collections of documents, where each document can have varying fields and structures, unlike relational databases with fixed schemas. This model is designed for handling large volumes of unstructured or semi-structured data, enabling fast queries and scalability.
Developers should learn and use document databases when building applications that require high flexibility in data modeling, such as content management systems, real-time analytics, or e-commerce platforms with evolving product catalogs. They are ideal for scenarios where data schemas change frequently or when dealing with hierarchical data, as they allow for easy iteration and horizontal scaling without complex migrations.