Dynamic Schema
Dynamic schema is a database design approach where the structure of data (such as tables, fields, or document properties) can change at runtime without requiring predefined schemas or migrations. It allows applications to store and query data with flexible, evolving structures, often used in NoSQL databases like MongoDB or document stores. This contrasts with static schemas, which enforce rigid data models defined upfront.
Developers should use dynamic schema when building applications that handle unstructured or semi-structured data, such as content management systems, real-time analytics, or rapid prototyping, where data formats evolve frequently. It's particularly valuable in agile development environments to avoid costly schema migrations and adapt quickly to changing business requirements, though it may sacrifice some data integrity and query optimization compared to static schemas.