Fixed Layout
Fixed layout is a web design approach where elements on a page have set, unchangeable dimensions (typically in pixels) that do not adjust based on the user's screen size, browser window, or device. It provides precise control over the visual presentation, ensuring consistency in appearance across different environments, but can lead to usability issues like horizontal scrolling on smaller screens. This contrasts with responsive or fluid layouts that adapt dynamically to varying viewport sizes.
Developers should use fixed layouts when designing for specific, controlled environments where exact pixel-perfect rendering is critical, such as digital publications (e.g., PDFs, e-books), print media designs, or applications with strict branding requirements. It is also useful in legacy systems or projects where retro aesthetics are desired, but it is generally avoided for modern websites due to poor accessibility and mobile-friendliness.