Hardware Random Number Generator
A Hardware Random Number Generator (HRNG) is a physical device that generates random numbers from unpredictable physical processes, such as thermal noise, quantum phenomena, or atmospheric noise. It provides true randomness, unlike software-based pseudorandom number generators (PRNGs) that use deterministic algorithms. HRNGs are critical for cryptographic applications, security systems, and simulations requiring high-quality entropy.
Developers should use HRNGs when building systems that demand high-security randomness, such as cryptographic key generation, secure authentication tokens, or gambling applications, to prevent predictability attacks. They are essential in environments where software entropy sources are insufficient or compromised, ensuring robust security in financial, military, or sensitive data processing contexts.