Layer 2 Scaling
Layer 2 scaling refers to a set of technologies and protocols built on top of a blockchain's base layer (Layer 1) to improve transaction throughput, reduce latency, and lower costs without compromising security. These solutions process transactions off-chain or in a separate layer, then settle the final state on the main blockchain, enabling scalability while leveraging the underlying network's decentralization and security. Common implementations include rollups, state channels, sidechains, and plasma chains.
Developers should learn Layer 2 scaling to address the scalability limitations of blockchains like Ethereum, which face high gas fees and slow transaction times during peak usage. It is essential for building decentralized applications (dApps) that require high throughput, such as gaming, DeFi protocols, and NFT marketplaces, where user experience depends on fast and cheap transactions. Understanding Layer 2 solutions allows developers to optimize dApp performance and reduce operational costs while maintaining blockchain security.