Macros
Macros are a metaprogramming feature that allows developers to define reusable code patterns or transformations that are expanded at compile-time or runtime, depending on the language. They enable code generation, abstraction of repetitive tasks, and domain-specific language creation by manipulating the abstract syntax tree or source text. Commonly found in languages like C, C++, Rust, Lisp, and SQL, macros can significantly enhance productivity and code maintainability.
Developers should learn macros to automate repetitive coding patterns, reduce boilerplate, and implement domain-specific optimizations or abstractions that aren't possible with standard functions. They are particularly useful in systems programming for performance-critical code, in embedded systems for hardware abstraction, and in data processing for custom query transformations. However, they require careful use to avoid complexity and debugging challenges.