Network Topology
Network topology refers to the arrangement of nodes (such as computers, switches, routers) and connections in a communication network, defining how data flows between devices. It encompasses both physical layout (e.g., cable connections) and logical structure (e.g., data paths), and is fundamental to designing, managing, and troubleshooting networks. Common types include star, bus, ring, mesh, and hybrid topologies, each with specific characteristics affecting performance, scalability, and fault tolerance.
Developers should learn network topology when designing distributed systems, cloud applications, or IoT solutions, as it impacts latency, bandwidth, and reliability—for example, a mesh topology enhances redundancy in critical systems. Understanding topology helps in optimizing data flow, debugging connectivity issues, and ensuring efficient resource allocation in scenarios like microservices architectures or data center management.