Node.js
Node.js is an open-source, cross-platform JavaScript runtime environment that allows developers to execute JavaScript code server-side. It uses the V8 JavaScript engine from Chrome and provides an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model, making it efficient for building scalable network applications. It is commonly used for web servers, APIs, real-time applications, and command-line tools.
Developers should learn Node.js when building server-side applications, especially for real-time features like chat or gaming, or when creating RESTful APIs and microservices due to its fast performance and asynchronous capabilities. It is ideal for full-stack JavaScript development, allowing the use of a single language across frontend and backend, and is widely adopted in modern web development for its extensive ecosystem via npm (Node Package Manager).