Normalization
Normalization is a database design technique used to organize data in a relational database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity. It involves structuring tables and relationships according to a series of normal forms (e.g., 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF) to eliminate anomalies during data operations like insertion, update, and deletion. This process ensures that each piece of data is stored in only one place, making the database more efficient and consistent.
Developers should learn normalization when designing or maintaining relational databases to prevent data duplication, ensure accuracy, and facilitate easier querying and updates. It is crucial in applications with complex data relationships, such as enterprise systems, e-commerce platforms, or any scenario requiring reliable data management, as it minimizes the risk of inconsistencies and optimizes storage. However, in some cases like read-heavy analytical databases, denormalization might be preferred for performance reasons.