OCaml
OCaml is a general-purpose, statically typed, functional programming language with strong type inference and support for imperative and object-oriented programming. It is known for its expressive type system, including algebraic data types and pattern matching, and is widely used in academia and industry for tasks requiring high reliability, such as compiler development, formal verification, and financial systems.
Developers should learn OCaml when working on projects that demand high safety, correctness, and performance, such as building compilers, static analyzers, or critical financial software. It is particularly valuable in domains like theorem proving and symbolic computation, where its advanced type system helps catch errors at compile time, reducing runtime bugs and improving code quality.