Lua
Lua is a lightweight, high-level, multi-paradigm programming language designed primarily for embedded use in applications. It is known for its simplicity, efficiency, and extensibility, often used as a scripting language in games, web servers, and other software. Developed at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio) in Brazil, it supports procedural, object-oriented, functional, and data-driven programming.
Developers should learn Lua when they need a fast, embeddable scripting language for applications like game development (e.g., in engines such as Roblox or Corona SDK), configuration management, or extending existing software. It is particularly useful in scenarios requiring minimal resource usage, such as in IoT devices or performance-critical systems, due to its small footprint and efficient execution.