Rational Numbers
Rational numbers are numbers that can be expressed as a fraction where both the numerator and denominator are integers, and the denominator is not zero. They include integers, fractions, and terminating or repeating decimals, forming a fundamental subset of real numbers in mathematics. This concept is essential in arithmetic, algebra, and number theory for representing quantities precisely.
Developers should learn rational numbers for tasks involving exact arithmetic, such as financial calculations, scientific computations, or game physics where floating-point errors are unacceptable. They are used in algorithms for fractions, ratios, and precise numerical representations, especially in domains like cryptography, data analysis, and computer algebra systems.