Screen Readers
Screen readers are assistive technology software applications that convert digital text, buttons, images, and other on-screen elements into synthesized speech or braille output, enabling people with visual impairments or blindness to access and interact with computers, mobile devices, and web content. They work by interpreting the underlying code and structure of applications and websites, providing auditory or tactile feedback to users. Common examples include JAWS, NVDA, and VoiceOver.
Developers should learn about screen readers to ensure their applications and websites are accessible to users with disabilities, which is often a legal requirement (e.g., under WCAG guidelines) and expands market reach. This is critical for front-end development, UX/UI design, and testing, as it helps identify and fix accessibility barriers like missing alt text, poor keyboard navigation, or improper ARIA labels. Knowledge of screen readers is essential for roles focused on inclusive design, compliance, or building products for diverse user bases.