Secure Multi-Party Computation
Secure Multi-Party Computation (MPC) is a cryptographic protocol that enables multiple parties to jointly compute a function over their private inputs without revealing those inputs to each other. It ensures privacy and security by allowing computations on encrypted or distributed data, with results that are verifiable and correct. This technology is foundational for privacy-preserving applications in areas like finance, healthcare, and data analytics.
Developers should learn MPC when building systems that require collaborative data analysis while maintaining strict privacy, such as in secure voting, fraud detection across banks, or medical research with sensitive patient data. It's essential for applications where data cannot be shared due to regulations like GDPR or HIPAA, enabling trustless computations among untrusted parties.