TCP/IP
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is a suite of communication protocols that defines how data is transmitted and routed across networks, including the internet. It provides a standardized framework for devices to communicate by breaking data into packets, addressing them, and ensuring reliable delivery through layered protocols. This model underpins most modern network communications, from web browsing to email and file transfers.
Developers should learn TCP/IP to understand how network applications function, debug connectivity issues, and design systems that rely on network communication, such as web servers, APIs, or distributed systems. It is essential for roles involving network programming, cybersecurity, or cloud infrastructure, as it provides the foundational knowledge for protocols like HTTP, FTP, and DNS that build on top of it.