Viewport Units
Viewport units are CSS length units that are relative to the size of the browser viewport, allowing developers to create responsive designs that scale based on screen dimensions. They include vw (viewport width), vh (viewport height), vmin (minimum of viewport width or height), and vmax (maximum of viewport width or height), with each unit representing 1% of the respective viewport dimension. This enables fluid layouts that adapt seamlessly to different devices and screen sizes without relying on fixed pixel values.
Developers should learn and use viewport units when building responsive web applications that need to maintain consistent proportions across various screen sizes, such as full-screen hero sections, modals, or typography that scales with the viewport. They are particularly useful for mobile-first design, ensuring elements like buttons or containers resize appropriately without complex media queries, and for creating immersive experiences like landing pages that fill the entire screen regardless of device.