Zinc Finger Nucleases
Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs) are engineered proteins that combine a zinc finger DNA-binding domain with a FokI nuclease domain, enabling targeted DNA cleavage at specific genomic sequences. They are used in genome editing to create double-strand breaks, which can be repaired by non-homologous end joining or homology-directed repair to introduce mutations or insert new DNA. ZFNs were one of the first programmable nucleases developed for precise genetic modifications in research and biotechnology.
Developers should learn about ZFNs when working in bioinformatics, computational biology, or genetic engineering tools, as they provide a foundational understanding of early genome editing technologies. They are used in applications such as gene knockout studies, creating disease models, and developing gene therapies, particularly in research settings where precise DNA targeting is required. Knowledge of ZFNs is valuable for comparing modern tools like CRISPR-Cas9 and understanding the evolution of genome editing platforms.