Least Privilege
Least Privilege is a fundamental security principle that restricts users, processes, and systems to only the minimum level of access rights and permissions necessary to perform their legitimate functions. It aims to reduce the attack surface and limit potential damage from security breaches by preventing unnecessary access to sensitive resources. This concept applies broadly across IT systems, applications, and organizational policies to enhance security posture.
Developers should implement Least Privilege when designing systems, writing code, or configuring infrastructure to mitigate risks like data breaches, privilege escalation attacks, and insider threats. It is crucial in environments handling sensitive data (e.g., financial, healthcare) or critical operations, as it helps comply with regulations like GDPR or HIPAA and reduces the impact of compromised accounts. By applying it, developers can build more secure and resilient applications that minimize unauthorized access.