Lightning Network
The Lightning Network is a second-layer protocol built on top of blockchain networks like Bitcoin, designed to enable fast, low-cost, and scalable micropayments. It operates through a network of bidirectional payment channels that allow users to transact off-chain, settling only the final balances on the underlying blockchain. This technology aims to solve scalability issues by reducing transaction fees and confirmation times for small, frequent payments.
Developers should learn the Lightning Network when building applications requiring instant, low-cost transactions, such as micropayments for content, gaming, or IoT devices, or when integrating Bitcoin payments into e-commerce or remittance services. It's particularly useful for projects needing high throughput without congesting the main blockchain, as it enables near-instant settlements and reduces operational costs compared to on-chain transactions.