PID Controller
A PID controller is a control loop feedback mechanism widely used in industrial control systems and automation. It calculates an error value as the difference between a desired setpoint and a measured process variable, then applies a correction based on proportional, integral, and derivative terms to minimize the error over time. This enables precise and stable control of dynamic systems such as temperature, speed, or position.
Developers should learn PID controllers when working on embedded systems, robotics, automation, or any application requiring real-time process control, such as drones, HVAC systems, or manufacturing equipment. It's essential for implementing feedback control in software to maintain system stability and achieve target performance, especially where manual adjustment is impractical.