PWM
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is a technique used to control analog devices with digital signals by varying the width of pulses in a square wave. It is commonly employed in embedded systems, robotics, and electronics to regulate power delivery, such as controlling motor speed, LED brightness, or servo positioning. By adjusting the duty cycle (the percentage of time the signal is high), PWM effectively simulates an analog output from a digital source.
Developers should learn PWM when working on hardware projects involving microcontrollers (e.g., Arduino, Raspberry Pi) or embedded systems, as it enables precise control of actuators and sensors without complex analog circuits. It is essential for applications like robotics (motor control), IoT devices (dimming lights), and audio systems (signal generation), offering energy efficiency and simplicity in digital-to-analog conversion.