SPI
SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) is a synchronous serial communication protocol used for short-distance communication between microcontrollers and peripheral devices such as sensors, memory chips, and displays. It operates in a master-slave architecture with full-duplex communication, using separate data lines for transmission and reception. The protocol is known for its simplicity, high speed, and lack of addressing overhead, making it ideal for embedded systems.
Developers should learn SPI when working on embedded systems, IoT devices, or hardware projects that require fast, efficient communication between a microcontroller and multiple peripherals. It is particularly useful in applications like reading data from sensors (e.g., temperature, accelerometers), interfacing with SD cards or flash memory, and driving displays, where its full-duplex capability and high throughput (often up to tens of MHz) provide performance advantages over alternatives like I2C.