Stack
A stack is a fundamental data structure in computer science that follows the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) principle, where elements are added (pushed) and removed (popped) from the same end, typically called the top. It is used for managing function calls, expression evaluation, undo mechanisms, and backtracking algorithms. Stacks can be implemented using arrays or linked lists in various programming languages.
Developers should learn stacks because they are essential for understanding recursion, parsing expressions (e.g., in compilers), and managing memory in call stacks during program execution. They are widely used in algorithms like depth-first search, browser history, and text editor undo features, making them crucial for efficient problem-solving in software development.