Starknet
Starknet is a permissionless, decentralized Layer 2 (L2) scaling solution for Ethereum that uses zero-knowledge rollup (ZK-rollup) technology to enable high-throughput and low-cost transactions. It leverages STARK proofs, a type of cryptographic proof, to bundle thousands of transactions off-chain and submit a single proof to the Ethereum mainnet for verification, ensuring security and scalability. Developed by StarkWare, it supports general-purpose smart contracts written in Cairo, a domain-specific language designed for creating provable programs.
Developers should learn Starknet when building decentralized applications (dApps) on Ethereum that require high transaction throughput, low fees, and enhanced scalability without compromising security, such as in DeFi protocols, gaming, or NFT marketplaces. It is particularly useful for projects needing to handle large volumes of interactions while maintaining Ethereum's security guarantees, as it reduces congestion and costs compared to operating directly on the mainnet. Additionally, familiarity with Cairo and ZK-rollups positions developers at the forefront of blockchain scalability innovations.